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BACKGROUND: Varying exercise parameters, such as angles of movement, can cause different activation patterns within muscle compartments. Therefore, it is expected that feet positioning variations could influence gastrocnemius activity.
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Whole body vibration (WBV) during exercise offers potential to augment the effects of basic exercises. However, to date there is limited information on the basic physiological and biomechanical effects of WBV on skeletal muscles. ...
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Whole body vibration (WBV) during exercise offers potential to augment the effects of basic exercises. However, to date there is limited information on the basic physiological and biomechanical effects of WBV on skeletal muscles. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of WBV (40. Hz, 1.9. mm synchronous vertical displacement) on the myoelectrical activity of selected plantarflexors during heel raise exercise. 3D motion capture of the ankle, synchronised with sEMG of the lateral gastrocnemius and soleus, was obtained during repetitive heel raises carried out at 0.5. Hz on 10 healthy male subjects (age 27 ± 5 years, height 1.78 ± 0.04. m, weight 75.75 ± 11.9. kg). During both vibration and non vibration the soleus activation peaked earlier than that of the lateral gastrocnemius. The results indicate that WBV has no effect on the timing of exercise completion or the amplitude of the lateral gastrocnemius activity, however significant increases in amplitudes of the soleus muscle activity (77.5-90.4% MVC P< 0.05). WBV had no significant effect on median frequencies of either muscle. The results indicate that the greatest effect of WBV during heel raise activity is in the soleus muscles during the early phases of heel raise.
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Category:SportsIntroduction/Purpose:No physical exam or clinical test can clearly predict a final course of acute Achilles tendon rupture after surgical treatment. But, in recent studies, ability to perform single-heel-raise durin...
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Category:SportsIntroduction/Purpose:No physical exam or clinical test can clearly predict a final course of acute Achilles tendon rupture after surgical treatment. But, in recent studies, ability to perform single-heel-raise during the early postoperative period was considered as a significant prognostic factor. Therefore, analysis of the relationship between preoperative factors and timing of the single heel raise might help to predict the prognosis and aid to establish an individualized rehabilitation plan. The purpose of this study was to analyze the factors affecting early single heel raise after surgical treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture.Methods:From January 2012 to August 2015, a retrospective analysis was performed for 68 patients who met the inclusion criteria among 98 cases of surgically treated acute Achilles tendon rupture. Operative technique and rehabilitation protocol were same in all cases. The patients who were able to perform a single heel raise within 3 months postoperatively we...
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ABSTRACT Aims: The aim of this study is to determine a cutoff value of the calf-raise senior test and dual-calf-raise senior test according to fall history. Methods: 150 elderly individuals participated in descriptive study. Berg ...
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ABSTRACT Aims: The aim of this study is to determine a cutoff value of the calf-raise senior test and dual-calf-raise senior test according to fall history. Methods: 150 elderly individuals participated in descriptive study. Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up and Go Test (TUG), Functional Reach Test (FRT), Calf-Raise Senior Test (CRST) and Calf-Raise Senior Test with additional cognitive task (dual- CRST) were applied. Results: It was found to be high correlation between CRST and the BBS ,medium with TUG, and high with FRT . It was found to be high correlation dual-CRST and the BBS,medium with the TUG and high with FRT. According to the fall history, the cutoff value for the CRST was found 18.3 repetitions and 11.5 repetitions for the dual-CRST. Conclusion: The present study has contributed significantly to the literature in terms of determining the cutoff value for fall risk in the CRST and dual-CRS.
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Objectives: We hypothesized that the additional activation of motor units (MU) and the elevation of metabolic energy turnover resulting from whole-body vibration (WBV) superimposed to high intensity resistance training on a smith ...
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Objectives: We hypothesized that the additional activation of motor units (MU) and the elevation of metabolic energy turnover resulting from whole-body vibration (WBV) superimposed to high intensity resistance training on a smith machine persist after 6 weeks of training with progressively increasing loads and vibration frequencies. Methods: Two groups of healthy male subjects performed either 6 weeks of Resistive Vibration Exercise (RVE, squats and heel raises with WBV, n=13) or Resistive Exercise (RE using the same protocol, n=13). During the first (pre) and the last training session (post). we determined the oxygen uptake changes normalized to total training weight (Delta V'O-2/ttw) and the normalized MU activity from rectus femoris (squats) and gastrocnemius lateralis (heel raise) muscles filtered for vibration frequencies and harmonics (EMG/ttw). Results: At pre measurement, RVE induced higher EMG/ttw (squats) than RE alone (group effect. P=0.006). At post measurement, EMG/ttw was reduced (time effects between P=0.087 and P<0.001 for both groups and exercises). At pre and post measurement, Delta V'O-2/ttw was higher during RVE than during RE (group effects between P=0.005 and P=0.099 for both exercises). Conclusions: RVE permanently elevated metabolic energy turnover, although the initially observed additional MU activity by RVE could not be preserved in the working musculature.
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Fatigue in ballet dancers may lead to injury, particularly in the lower extremities. However, few studies have investigated the effects of fatigue on ballet dancers' performance and movement patterns. Thus, the current study exami...
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Fatigue in ballet dancers may lead to injury, particularly in the lower extremities. However, few studies have investigated the effects of fatigue on ballet dancers' performance and movement patterns. Thus, the current study examines the effect of fatigue on the balance, movement pattern, and muscle activities of the lower extremities in ballet dancers. Twenty healthy, female ballet dancers performed releve on demi-pointe before and after fatigue. The trajectory of the whole body movement and the muscle activities of the major lower extremity muscles were recorded continuously during task performance. The results show that fatigue increases the medial-lateral center of mass (COM) displacement and hip and trunk motion, but decreases the COM velocity and ankle motion. Moreover, fatigue reduces the activities of the hamstrings and tibialis anterior, but increases that of the soleus. Finally, greater proximal hip and trunk motions are applied to compensate for the effects of fatigue, leading to a greater COM movement. Overall, the present findings show that fatigue results in impaired movement control and may therefore increase the risk of dance injury.
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Background: Functional ankle instability (FAI) is defined as the subjective sensation of instability or "giving way" after an ankle sprain and occurs in approximately 40% of patients with lateral ankle instability. As an ankle joi...
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Background: Functional ankle instability (FAI) is defined as the subjective sensation of instability or "giving way" after an ankle sprain and occurs in approximately 40% of patients with lateral ankle instability. As an ankle joint rehabilitation intervention, heel raising exercises, toe jumping exercises, ankle joint proprioceptive exercises, as well as orthosis and taping are commonly applied to prevent the recurrence of an ankle joint injury. So this study was evaluated effect of quarter heel raising exercise (QHR) on balance and peroneus longus muscle strength in FAI subjects. Methods: Among 26 FAI subjects, 13 with FAI were assigned to the QHR group, and 13 with FAI were assigned to the control group which was no intervention. All of 30 subjects were evaluated Teskscan included static balance ability, Y balance test included dynamic balance ability with three directions which is anterior, posterolateral, posteromedial direction. Commander muscle testing included eversion/inversion strength ratio at pre- and post-intervention. Results: There was a significant interaction between group and time in static, dynamic balance, and strength. In QHR group, there was simple effect on static, dynamic balance, and strength. But control group showed no simple effect on static, dynamic balance, and strength. In the pre- and post-intervention differences between the groups. There was a significant difference in pre-intervention condition between the groups, but no significant difference between the groups in post-intervention in all conditions. Conclusions: QHR exercise is useful for improving the balance ability and muscle strength of the peroneus longus muscle in FAI subjects.
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Purpose Acute Achilles tendon rupture leads to impaired outcome at short term, but little is known concerning medium-term results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of early weight-bearing on clinical o...
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Purpose Acute Achilles tendon rupture leads to impaired outcome at short term, but little is known concerning medium-term results. The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of early weight-bearing on clinical outcome 4.5 years after nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. Method The study was performed as a medium-term follow-up on patients included in a randomised controlled trial. Both groups were treated with nonoperative management and controlled early motion. The intervention group was allowed full weight-bearing from day 1, and the control group was non-weight-bearing for 6 weeks. 60 patients were randomised 1:1. Of those, 56 were eligible for inclusion in the medium-term follow-up and 37 participated (18 control, 19 intervention). The outcomes were Achilles tendon Total Rupture Score (ATRS) and heel raise work performed at an average of 4.5 years after the initial injury. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t tests and linear regression. Results No differences were found between control and intervention groups at 4.5 years. ATRS scores consistently improved in both the intervention and the control groups from 0.5 to 1 year and from 1 to 4.5 years, ending up at 80.5 on average after 4.5 years. Heel raise height kept improving from 0.5 to 4.5 years, reaching a limb symmetry index of 82.4%. The heel raise work improvement from 0.5 to 1 year did not continue. No significant change was found from 1 to 4.5 years, ending at a limb symmetry index of 60%. Conclusion Early weight-bearing did not influence outcome 4.5 years after nonoperative treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture. The calf muscle of the injured limb performs 40% less work, when compared to the healthy limb, though lifting height recovers better.
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